Security Research | Blog Feeds

Security Research | Blog Feeds

IntroductionCVE-2025-3248, a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability with a CVSS score of 9.8, has been discovered in Langflow, an open-source platform for visually composing AI-driven agents and workflows. The issue resides in the platform’s /api/v1/validate/code endpoint, which improperly invokes Python’s built-in exec() function on user-supplied code without authentication or ... Read More

This is Part 2 of our two-part technical analysis on Mustang Panda’s new tools. For details on ToneShell and StarProxy, go to Part 1.IntroductionIn addition to the new ToneShell variants and StarProxy, Zscaler ThreatLabz discovered two new keyloggers used by Mustang Panda that we have named PAKLOG and CorKLOG as ... Read More

IntroductionThe Zscaler ThreatLabz team discovered new activity associated with Mustang Panda, originating from two machines from a targeted organization in Myanmar. This research led to the discovery of new ToneShell variants and several previously undocumented tools. Mustang Panda, a China-sponsored espionage group, traditionally targets government-related entities, military entities, minority groups, ... Read More

VPN technologies have long been a backbone of remote access — but according to new ThreatLabz research, the security risks and performance challenges of VPNs may be rapidly changing the status quo for enterprises. The Zscaler ThreatLabz 2025 VPN Risk Report with Cybersecurity Insiders draws on the insights of more ... Read More

IntroductionHijackLoader (also known as IDAT Loader and GHOSTPULSE) is a malware loader initially discovered in 2023. The loader is not only capable of delivering second-stage payloads, but also offers a variety of modules to expand the malware’s capabilities. The modules are mainly used for configuration information and to evade security ... Read More

IntroductionOn March 21, 2025, a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-29927, was publicly disclosed with a CVSS score of 9.1, signifying high severity. Discovered by security researcher Rachid Allam, the flaw enables attackers to bypass authorization checks in Next.js Middleware, potentially granting unauthorized access to protected resources. This poses a risk to applications ... Read More

IntroductionZscaler ThreatLabz has identified a new sophisticated malware family that we named CoffeeLoader, which originated around September 2024. The purpose of the malware is to download and execute second-stage payloads while evading detection by endpoint-based security products. The malware uses numerous techniques to bypass security solutions, including a specialized packer ... Read More

IntroductionCVE-2025-24813 was originally published on March 10 with a medium severity score of 5.5, and Apache Tomcat released an update to fix it. On March 12, the first attack was detected in Poland by Wallarm researchers, even before a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) was made public. After the PoC was released on ... Read More

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly shifted from buzz to business necessity over the past year—something Zscaler has seen firsthand while pioneering AI-powered solutions and tracking enterprise AI/ML activity in the world’s largest security cloud.As enterprises embrace AI to boost productivity, accelerate decision-making, and automate workflows, to name a few benefits, ... Read More

IntroductionThe rapid rise of generative AI tools has created opportunities and challenges for cybercriminals. In an instant, industries are being reshaped while new attack surfaces are being exposed. DeepSeek AI chatbot that launched on January 20, 2025, quickly gained international attention, making it a prime target for abuse. Leveraging a ... Read More