Overview

On October 15, NSFOCUS CERT detected that Microsoft released the October Security Update patch, fixing 175 security issues involving widely used products such as Windows, Microsoft Office, Azure, Apps, Microsoft Exchange Server, and Microsoft Visual Studio. These include high-risk vulnerability types such as privilege escalation and remote code execution.

Among the vulnerabilities fixed by Microsoft’s monthly update this month, there are 15 critical vulnerabilities, 158 important vulnerabilities, and 2 moderate vulnerabilities. These include 3 0day vulnerabilities:

• Windows Agere Modem Driver Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-24990)
• Windows Remote Access Connection Manager Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59230)
• Windows Agere Modem Driver Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-24052)

Please update the patch as soon as possible for protection. For a complete list of vulnerabilities, please refer to the appendix.

Reference link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-us/releaseNote/2025-Oct

Key Vulnerabilities

Based on the product popularity and vulnerability importance, this update contains vulnerabilities with greater impact. Relevant users are requested to pay special attention:

Windows Agere Modem Driver Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-24052/CVE-2025-24990):

A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Windows Agere Modem Driver, which allows an authenticated local attacker to manipulate memory in kernel mode and elevate to system administrator privileges due to insufficient user-mode pointer validation of the Agere modem driver (ltmdm64.sys). The CVSS score is 7.8, of which CVE-2025-24990 has been used in the wild.

Official announcement link:

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24052

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24990

Windows Remote Access Connection Manager Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59230):

There is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Remote Access Connection Manager. Due to improper access control of the system, an authenticated local attacker can elevate privileges to SYSTEM. The vulnerability has been exploited in the wild, with a CVSS score of 7.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59230

Windows Server Update Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59287):

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Windows Server Update Services. Due to the deserialization problem of WSUS, an unauthenticated attacker can deserialize untrusted data by sending specially crafted events to execute arbitrary code on the target server. CVSS score 9.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59287

Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59227):

There is a remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft Office. Due to the use-after-free reuse problem when processing specially crafted documents, attackers can trick users into opening or previewing panes by making malicious files, thereby executing arbitrary code in the user’s context. CVSS score 7.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59227

Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59236):

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Excel, which allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the victim’s host by crafting a malicious file that tricks a user into opening it due to a use-after-free flaw in Excel. CVSS score 8.4.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59236

Azure Entra ID Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59246):

There is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Azure Entra ID. Due to the authentication defects of Azure Entra ID in some service interfaces, attackers can obtain higher than assigned role permissions in the target tenant under certain conditions, thereby performing sensitive operations such as creating/modifying users, changing applications or configurations. CVSS score 9.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59246

Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-59249):

There is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server. Due to the weak authentication mechanism of Exchange Server, an attacker with ordinary user privileges can elevate system privileges through the network. CVSS score 8.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59249

Windows Remote Desktop Client Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-58718):

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Windows Remote Desktop Client. Due to a use-after-free memory error in the remote desktop client, an unauthenticated attacker can trigger remote code execution through a specially crafted network request. CVSS score 8.8.

Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-58718

Scope of Impact

The following are the affected product versions of some key vulnerabilities. For the scope of products affected by other vulnerabilities, please refer to the official announcement link.

Mitigation

At present, Microsoft has officially released security patches to fix the above vulnerabilities for supported product versions. It is strongly recommended that affected users install patches as soon as possible for protection. The official download link:

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/releaseNote/2025-Oct

Note: Patch updates for Windows Update may fail due to network problems, computer environment problems, etc. After installing the patch, users should check whether the patch has been successfully updated in time.

Right-click the Windows icon, select “Settings (N)”, select “Update and Security”-“Windows Update”, view the prompt information on this page, or click “View Update History” to view the historical update status.

For updates that have not been successfully installed, you can click the update name to jump to the Microsoft official download page. It is recommended that users click the link on this page and go to the “Microsoft Update Catalog” website to download the independent program package and install it.

Appendix: Vulnerability List

Statement

This advisory is only used to describe a potential risk. NSFOCUS does not provide any commitment or promise on this advisory. NSFOCUS and the author will not bear any liability for any direct and/or indirect consequences and losses caused by transmitting and/or using this advisory. NSFOCUS reserves all the rights to modify and interpret this advisory. Please include this statement paragraph when reproducing or transferring this advisory. Do not modify this advisory, add/delete any information to/from it, or use this advisory for commercial purposes without permission from NSFOCUS.

About NSFOCUS

NSFOCUS, a pioneering leader in cybersecurity, is dedicated to safeguarding telecommunications, Internet service providers, hosting providers, and enterprises from sophisticated cyberattacks.

Founded in 2000, NSFOCUS operates globally with over 4000 employees at two headquarters in Beijing, China, and Santa Clara, CA, USA, and over 50 offices worldwide. It has a proven track record of protecting over 25% of the Fortune Global 500 companies, including four of the five largest banks and six of the world’s top ten telecommunications companies.

Leveraging technical prowess and innovation, NSFOCUS delivers a comprehensive suite of security solutions, including the Intelligent Security Operations Platform (ISOP) for modern SOC, DDoS Protection, Continuous Threat Exposure Management (CTEM) Service and Web Application and API Protection (WAAP). All the solutions and services are augmented by the Security Large Language Model (SecLLM), ML, patented algorithms and other cutting-edge research achievements developed by NSFOCUS.

The post Microsoft Security Update in October of High-Risk Vulnerability Notice in Multiple Products appeared first on NSFOCUS, Inc., a global network and cyber security leader, protects enterprises and carriers from advanced cyber attacks..

*** This is a Security Bloggers Network syndicated blog from NSFOCUS, Inc., a global network and cyber security leader, protects enterprises and carriers from advanced cyber attacks. authored by NSFOCUS. Read the original post at: https://nsfocusglobal.com/microsoft-security-update-in-october-of-high-risk-vulnerability-notice-in-multiple-products/